Berliet has been a French manufacturer of automobiles, buses, trucks and military cars among other vehicles based in Vénissieux, outside of Lyon, France. Founded in 1899, and apart from the five-year period from 1944 to 1949 when ıt had been put into 'administration sequestre' it turned out in private ownership until 1967 when after that it became part of Citroën, and subsequently acquired by means of Renault in 1974 in addition to merged with Saviem into a new Renault Trucks company in 1978. The Berliet marque was eliminated by 1980.Marius Berliet started his or her experiments with automobiles inside 1894. Some single-cylinder cars had been followed in 1900 by the twin-cylinder model. In 1902, Berliet took over the actual plant of Audibert & Lavirotte in Lyon. Berliet started to assemble four-cylinder automobiles featured with a honeycomb radiator and metal chassis frame was used rather than wood. The next year, a model was launched that was similar to contemporary Mercedes. In 1906, Berliet sold the license for manufacturing his model towards American Locomotive Company.
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Prior to World War I, Berliet offered a array of models from 8 CV to 60 CV. The main models acquired four-cylinder engines (2412 closed circuit and 4398 cc, respectively), and there was a six-cylinder model of 9500 cc. A 1539 cc design (12 CV) has been produced between 1910 and 1912. From 1912, six-cylinder models were produced upon individual orders simply.The First World War resulted in a massive increase in demand. Berliet, like Renault and Latil, produced trucks for the French army. The military orders placed major demands around the factory's capacity, necessitating major investment within production plant and manufacturing facility space.In 1915 a 500 hectare site was obtained between Vénissieux et Saint-Priest so that you can build a new main factory.The Berliet CBA became the iconic truck about the Voie Sacrée, supplying the battle entrance at Verdun during 1916. 25, 000 of these 4/5 load Berliet trucks, originally launched in 1914, were ordered by this French army. During 1916 40 advisors were leaving the plant daily. Under license from Renault, Berliet were also creating shells and battle tanks at the moment. The number of individuals employed increased to 3, 150.By 1917 the value of annual turnover experienced multiplied fourfold since the start of the war, and a new legal structure was deemed correct. The company became the particular Société anonyme des Vehicles Marius Berliet.Following your war the manufacturer reoriented component of its production back for you to passenger cars, but Berliet nevertheless located themselves with excess potential, as the army was don't buying all the vehicles the factory could make, and overall output halved.Marius Berliet responded towards outbreak of peace by deciding to make just a single kind of truck and a single type of car, which represented a departure from his pre-war current market strategy. The single truck which Berliet focused was the 5 ton CBA that had served the nation so well during the war.
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The passenger car for being produced, exhibited on the Berliet stand on the 15th Paris Motor Show in October 1919, was the 3296cc (15HP/CV) "Torpedo" bodied "Berliet Kind VB" of modern look. Marius Berliet was probably none to miss a trick: rather than devote time and engineering talent to developing a new car for the modern decade, he obtained and replicated an American Dodge. The Dodge was once robust, and the Berliet backup was well received inside March 1919 when that had its first open public outing, locally, at the Lyon Trade Fair. The headlights were mounted unusually high and the simple disc wheels were being large, giving the car an enjoyable "no nonsense" look. Particularly attractive was the expense of just 11, 800 francs in July 1919. Unfortunately, however, the Berliet engineers failed to ensure the steel used inside car's construction was of the same quality as the Us steel used for the particular Dodge, and this resulted in series problems with the early customers of the particular "Berliet Type VB" and serious reputational damage to the company.
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The factory were being set up to make the "Berliet Type VB" with the rate of 100 cars each day which would have recently been an ambitious target below any circumstances. The rapid drop-off successful for what at this time was the manufacturer's solely passenger car model that followed the high quality issues plunged the organization into financial difficulties, with losses of 55 million francs recorded a single year. Survival was in uncertainty, and Berliet was put in judicial administration in 1921. Marius Berliet himself had held 88% with the share capital, but was unable to pay off all the company's creditors as well as the firm therefore fell into the hands of the finance institutions. Berliet was nevertheless in a position to retain operational control. During the ensuring decade, supported by a sustained recovery in demand that in turn reflected a simple yet effective model strategy after 1922, Berliet was able to his debtors and, in 1929, to regain financial control on the business from the banking institutions.
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