写真091ab） 1920 Berliet VL Torpedo フランス国立

Berliet has been a French manufacturer connected with automobiles, buses, trucks and military motor vehicles among other vehicles operating out of Vénissieux, outside of Lyon, France. Founded in 1899, and apart from some sort of five-year period from 1944 to 1949 when it turned out put into 'administration sequestre' it turned out in private ownership until 1967 when it then became part of Citroën, and subsequently acquired by means of Renault in 1974 and merged with Saviem in a new Renault Trucks corporation in 1978. The Berliet marque was eliminated by 1980.Marius Berliet started their experiments with automobiles inside 1894. Some single-cylinder cars were followed in 1900 by a twin-cylinder model. In 1902, Berliet took over the plant of Audibert & Lavirotte in Lyon. Berliet started to develop four-cylinder automobiles featured by a honeycomb radiator and metal chassis frame was used rather then wood. The next year, a model was launched which was similar to contemporary Mercedes. In 1906, Berliet sold the driver's licence for manufacturing his model towards the American Locomotive Company.

写真091ab） 1920 Berliet VL Torpedo フランス国立

Ahead of World War I, Berliet offered a selection of models from 8 CONTINUE to 60 CV. The main models received four-cylinder engines (2412 closed circuit and 4398 cc, respectively), and there was a six-cylinder style of 9500 cc. A 1539 cc product (12 CV) has been produced between 1910 and 1912. From 1912, six-cylinder models were produced upon individual orders just.The First World War triggered a massive increase widely used. Berliet, like Renault and Latil, produced trucks for the French army. The military orders placed major demands on the factory's capacity, necessitating major investment throughout production plant and manufacturer space.In 1915 a 300 hectare site was ordered between Vénissieux et Saint-Priest so that you can build a new major factory.The Berliet CBA became the iconic truck for the Voie Sacrée, supplying the battle the front at Verdun during 1916. 25, 000 of these 4/5 load Berliet trucks, originally launched in 1914, were ordered by the actual French army. During 1916 40 advisors were leaving the plant every day. Under license from Renault, Berliet were also providing shells and battle tanks currently. The number of workers employed increased to 3, 150.By 1917 the price of annual turnover experienced multiplied fourfold since the start of the war, and a new authorized structure was deemed correct. The company became the particular Société anonyme des Motor vehicles Marius Berliet.Following the war the manufacturer reoriented section of its production back to passenger cars, but Berliet nevertheless discovered themselves with excess potential, as the army was no longer buying all the pickup trucks the factory could produce, and overall output halved.Marius Berliet responded towards outbreak of peace by deciding to create just a single kind of truck and a single style of car, which represented a departure from his pre-war market strategy. The single truck which Berliet focused was your 5 ton CBA that had served the united states so well during the war.

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The passenger car being produced, exhibited on the Berliet stand on the 15th Paris Motor Display in October 1919, was the 3296cc (15HP/CV) "Torpedo" bodied "Berliet Form VB" of modern physical appearance. Marius Berliet was not merely one to miss a tip: rather than devote moment and engineering talent to possessing a new car for the revolutionary decade, he obtained and replicated an American Dodge. The Dodge was once robust, and the Berliet replicate was well received with March 1919 when the idea had its first open outing, locally, at the Lyon Trade Fair. The headlights were mounted unusually high along with the simple disc wheels have been large, giving the car an enjoyable "no nonsense" look. Particularly attractive was the price tag on just 11, 800 francs in April 1919. Unfortunately, however, the Berliet engineers failed to ensure that the steel used inside car's construction was with the same quality as the North american steel used for this Dodge, and this resulted in series problems with the early customers of the actual "Berliet Type VB" and serious reputational problems for the company.

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The factory ended up set up to produce the "Berliet Type VB" for the rate of 100 cars daily which would have been an ambitious target under any circumstances. The rapid drop-off widely used for what at this time was the manufacturer's solely passenger car model that followed the quality issues plunged the company into financial difficulties, with losses of 55 million francs recorded available as one year. Survival was in uncertainty, and Berliet was slipped into judicial administration in 1921. Marius Berliet himself had held 88% of the share capital, but was unable to settle all the company's creditors along with the firm therefore fell into the hands of the banks. Berliet was nevertheless able to retain operational control. During the ensuring ten years, supported by a sustained recovery popular that in turn reflected an effective model strategy after 1922, Berliet was able to his debtors and, in 1929, to regain financial control in the business from the banking companies.

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